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· A life in the study

Katherine Susanna Hegnauer

Born at Bates County in 1877 and died at Appleton City in 1961.

born 17 Aug 1877 at Bates County, Missouri died 5 Apr 1961 at Appleton City, St. Clair

Also written Katie, Katie S. Hegnauer, Katie Link, Katy Link, Susan Hegnauer

Life story

Katherine Susanna Hegnauer, known as Katie, was born on 17 August 1877 in Bates County, Missouri, a daughter of Leonhard Hegnauer and Susanna Katharina Hirschi, Swiss immigrants who had farmed in Pleasant Gap Township since 1869.1–2 Through her father she was a granddaughter of Luzius Hegnauer, who had brought his family from Igis, in Graubünden, to America in 1856.3–4 Katie spent her life in Pleasant Gap Township. Left a widow with seven children before 1920, she ran the family farm for twenty years, and she died in 1961, aged eighty-three.1, 5–6

Childhood

When the census taker came in June 1880, she was "Susan", aged two, the baby of the household, entered by her second name, which was her mother's. With her were her parents, her sister Mary and her brothers Christian and Leonard.7 About 1879, when she was a baby, her parents had been among the first members of the German Reformed church built near Prairie City.8 Her youngest brother, Robert, was born in 1887.9 Their mother bore seven children in all, and by 1900 two of them had died: a sister, Margaret M., and probably a brother, Emil, born about 1870.2, 9–10

Marriage

In October 1895, when Katie was eighteen, the Butler Daily Democrat reported a marriage licence for J. M. Link and Miss Katie S. Hegnauer, of Prairie City; the record of the wedding itself has not been found.11 Her husband, Joseph M. Link, was a Missouri-born farmer about six years older than Katie.12 Their first child, Alina, was born about 1896, and in June 1900 the young couple were farming in Pleasant Gap Township, close to her sister Mary's family, the Hammers.12 By 1910 there were five children at home: Alina, Roland, Ruth, Edwin and Clara. William and Joseph followed about 1911 and 1914.5, 13 A studio portrait taken about 1905–1910 shows Katie standing behind her parents with her sister and brothers.14

Widowhood

When her father died in 1916, both his obituaries named her as "Mrs. Katie Link"; like her sister Mary, she still lived in the old home community, and the county history of 1918 lists "Mrs. Katie S. Link" of Pleasant Gap Township among his children.2, 15–16 Joseph died some time before January 1920; the date has not been found. In the census of that month Katherine was a widow and the head of the household, running the farm with all seven children at home.5 She kept the farm for another twenty years. In 1930 six of the children were still with her, and in 1940, at sixty-two, she was still the farmer, with Alina, Clara, William and Joseph at home.6, 17 In 1957, by then his only surviving sister, she was named among the survivors of her brother Christian.18

“; like her sister Mary, she still lived in the old home community, and the county history of 1918 lists”

Katherine died at the Ellett Memorial Hospital in Appleton City on 5 April 1961, aged eighty-three, of heart disease. Her home was still in Pleasant Gap Township, and her son William, of Butler, gave the particulars for her death certificate. She was buried on 9 April in the Reform Cemetery beside the German Reformed church north of Prairie City, where her parents lie.1, 19–20

What we know

Proven

  • Marriage to Joseph M. Link at Bates County, 1895
  • Death at Appleton City, 1961
  • Burial at Pleasant Gap Township, 1961
  • 7 homes, from the census and other records

Probable

  • Birth at Bates County, 1877

What's still open

  • Sources. The census facts come from the index entries attached to the family in the Ancestry tree; the images have not been re-read, and the index spelling of the surname in 1920–1940 has not been checked.
  • Name. " in 1895, "Katie" in 1916 and 1918, and "Katy" in 1957.

Sources

Sources 1–2

1 Missouri Division of Health, Standard Certificate of Death, 1961

Missouri Division of Health, Standard Certificate of Death, state file no. 61-010303, Katherine Susanna Link [indexed "Fink"], died 5 April 1961, 8:10 a.m., Ellett Memorial Hospital, Appleton City, St. Clair County; usual residence Pleasant Gap Township, Bates County (Butler, Mo.); female, white, widowed; born 17 August 1877, Bates County, Mo.; age 83; occupation domestic; father Lenard Hegnauer; mother Susanna Hirschi; informant William Link, Butler, Mo.; cause pulmonary edema due to arteriosclerotic heart disease; burial 9 April 1961, Reformed [cemetery], Prairie City, Mo.; funeral director Oscar Eckhoff [?], Appleton City; filed 12 April 1961; in "Missouri, U.S., Death Certificates, 1910–1971," database with images, Ancestry.com, image 1961_00010303-02170.

2 History of Bates County, Missouri, 1918

[W. O. Atkeson], History of Bates County, Missouri (1918), pp. 719–721, sketch of Christian Hegnauer, listing the children of Leonard Hegnauer: Mrs. Mary C. Hammer, Pleasant Gap Township; Christian; Leonard, Washington state; Mrs. Katie S. Link, Pleasant Gap Township; Margaret M., deceased; Robert L., Minnesota; scan shared by Susanna Vogt, "Bates History - Hegnauer excerpt," Ancestry member tree 37158608, 4 December 2023.

Sources 3–4

3 Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1843

"Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1418–1996," database, FamilySearch, baptism of Leonhard Hegnauer [her father], 25 April 1843, Igis, Graubünden; born 25 April 1843; parents Luzius Hegnauer and Margreth Bernet. FamilySearch record 6F8C-L4C6

4 New York, U.S., Arriving Passenger and Crew Lists, 1856

"New York, U.S., Arriving Passenger and Crew Lists (including Castle Garden and Ellis Island), 1820–1957," database with images, Ancestry.com, manifest of the ship Chase [Chace], Le Havre to New York, list dated 30 September 1856 (the ship arrived 29 September), lines 155–161, "Hegemann" family: Lucie 36, Marguerite 37, Johann 15, Leonhard 13 [her father], Christian[e] 10, Martin 8, Christian 5, Swiss; citing NARA M237, roll 167; image NYM237_167-0280 (ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/7488/images/NYM237_167-0280).

Sources 5–6

5 1920 U.S. Federal Census, Pleasant Gap Township

1920 U.S. Federal Census, Pleasant Gap Township, Bates County, Missouri, E.D. 19, page 9B, household of Katherine Link (head, widowed, farmer), with her children Alina, Roland, Ruth, Edwin, Clara, William and Joseph; roll T625_905; database with images, Ancestry.com (index entries attached in the Ancestry tree; image not re-read).

6 1940 U.S. Federal Census, Pleasant Gap Township, 1935

1940 U.S. Federal Census, Pleasant Gap Township, Bates County, Missouri, E.D. 7-25, page 5A, household of Katherine Link (head, widowed, farmer; residence in 1935 Pleasant Gap), with her children Alina, Clara, William and Joseph; roll m-t0627-02084; database with images, Ancestry.com (index entries attached in the Ancestry tree; image not re-read).

Source 7

7 1880 U.S. Federal Census, Pleasant Gap Township

1880 U.S. Federal Census, Pleasant Gap Township, Bates County, Missouri, E.D. 160, dwelling 72, household of Leonard Hagn[a]uer [indexed "Lenerd Waguner"] (37, farmer, born Switzerland), with his wife Susan (34) and children Mary C. (13, born Illinois), Christian (11, Illinois), Leonard (8, Missouri) and Susan (2, daughter, Missouri); citing NARA T9; database with images, Ancestry.com.

Source 8

8 FamilySearch Full-Text, county history, 1883

FamilySearch Full-Text, county history, Bates County, Missouri, 1883 [probably History of Cass and Bates Counties], account of the German Reformed church near Prairie City, built about 1879: "A. Hammer and wife, Leonard Hegenaur and wife, Peter Kamm and wife, and Christopher Hegenaur, were among the first members" (machine transcription); image familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-L9DF-KWST; the same names, garbled, in a 1958 cemetery survey ("Leonard Hegnauer and w[ife] Christopher Hegnaur"), familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSY6-B9HN-G

Source 9

9 1900 U.S. Federal Census, Pleasant Gap Township, 1846

1900 U.S. Federal Census, Pleasant Gap Township, Bates County, Missouri, E.D. 18, sheet 11, dwelling 225, family 230, Susan K. Hegnauer (wife, born May 1846, Switzerland, 54; married 34 years; mother of 7 children, 5 living; cannot speak English) in the household of Leonhard Hegnauer, with sons Leonard and Robert L.; citing NARA T623, roll 839; database with images, Ancestry.com. Also indexed by FamilySearch (Leonhard's entry): FamilySearch record M3HK-FKS

Source 10

10 Find a Grave, memorial 78556009, 1870

Find a Grave, memorial 78556009, Emil Hegnauer (1870 – unknown), Reform Cemetery, Pleasant Gap, Bates County, Missouri, linked as a child of Susanna Katharina Hirschi Hegnauer (memorial 56820862) (findagrave.com/memorial/78556009). Also "Find a Grave Index," database, FamilySearch, Emil Hegnauer, birth 1870, burial place standardised as "Prairie, Greene, Alabama". FamilySearch record QV2K-NN17

Source 11

11 List of marriage licences, Butler Daily Democrat, 1895

List of marriage licences, Butler Daily Democrat (Butler, Missouri), 23 October 1895, p. 4: licence to J. M. Link and Miss Katie S. Hegnauer, of Prairie City; image, Newspapers.com (newspapers.com/image/999251976).

Source 12

12 1900 U.S. Federal Census, Pleasant Gap Township, 1871

1900 U.S. Federal Census, Pleasant Gap Township, Bates County, Missouri, E.D. 18, page 1, roll 839, household of Joseph M. Link (head, farmer, born Sep 1871, Missouri), with his wife Katherine (born 1878, Missouri) and daughter Alina; database with images, Ancestry.com (index entries attached to the family in the Ancestry tree; image not re-read).

Source 13

13 1910 U.S. Federal Census, Pleasant Gap Township

1910 U.S. Federal Census, Pleasant Gap Township, Bates County, Missouri, E.D. 18, page 3A, household of Joseph M. Link (head, farmer, married), with his wife Katherine and children Alina, Roland J., Ruth, Edwin and Clara; roll T624_768, FHL microfilm 1374781; database with images, Ancestry.com (index entries attached in the Ancestry tree; image not re-read).

Source 14

14 Studio portrait of Leonard Hegnauer, 2012

Studio portrait of Leonard Hegnauer, his wife Susanna Katherine (Hirschi) and their children Mary, Leonard, Christian, Katherine and Robert Lucius, about 1905–1910, its provenance given as a Stadler relative in Switzerland; shared by MaggieOhio, Ancestry member tree 9815048, 16 September 2012. The same portrait, labelled "Katherine (Link) 1877-1961", shared by gloriaroach866, "Leonhard Hegnauer and family," Ancestry member tree 56662186, 13 December 2016.

Sources 15–16

15 Appleton City Journal, 1916

"Passing of a Pioneer: Leonard Hegnauer, Well Known German Citizen Succumbs to Paralysis After Brief Illness," Appleton City Journal (Appleton City, Missouri), 9 November 1916, p. 1 (his daughters Mrs. Katie Link and Mrs. Fred Hammer live in the old home community); image, Newspapers.com (newspapers.com/image/863313858).

16 Gone to His Reward, 1916

"Gone to His Reward," obituary of Leonard Hegenauer, reprinted from the Rockville Booster (Rockville, Missouri), November 1916 ("the daughters are Mrs. Fred Hammer and Mrs. Katie Link"; reprinting paper and date not visible); photograph of the clipping shared by jnel126, "Leonhard Hegnauer Obit," Ancestry member tree 154982007, 10 November 2018.

Source 17

17 1930 U.S. Federal Census, Pleasant Gap Township

1930 U.S. Federal Census, Pleasant Gap Township, Bates County, Missouri, E.D. 24, page 6A, household of Katherine Link (head, widowed; occupation indexed as "manager"), with her children Alina, Ruth, Edwin, Clara, William and Joseph; FHL microfilm 2340911; database with images, Ancestry.com (index entries attached in the Ancestry tree; image not re-read).

Source 18

18 Appleton City Journal, 1957

"Christian Hegnauer Dies in Butler," Appleton City Journal (Appleton City, Missouri), 12 September 1957, p. 8 (survivors include his brothers Leonard of Spokane and Robert of Banning, Calif., and his sister Mrs. Katy Link, her town partly illegible); image, Newspapers.com (newspapers.com/image/863906271). Indexed in "U.S., Newspapers.com Obituary Index," Ancestry.com.

Sources 19–20

19 Find a Grave, memorial 55639179, 1843

Find a Grave, memorial 55639179, Leonhard Hegnauer (25 Apr 1843 – 31 Oct 1916), Reform Cemetery, Pleasant Gap, Bates County, Missouri (findagrave.com/memorial/55639179).

20 Find a Grave, memorial 56820862, 1846

Find a Grave, memorial 56820862, Susanna Katharina Hirschi Hegnauer (15 May 1846 – 12 Feb 1918), Reform Cemetery, Pleasant Gap, Bates County, Missouri, gravesite H228, with a gravestone photograph by Larry Spangler (findagrave.com/memorial/56820862); also "U.S., Find a Grave Index, 1600s–Current," Ancestry.com.

Life in time

17 Aug 1877

Birth , Bates County, Missouri, United States

probable Sources 1, 6, 7, 12

How we know

Probably in Pleasant Gap Township, where her parents farmed from 1869.

Her death certificate (1961) gives 17 Aug 1877, Bates County; the informant was her son William, so the date is second-hand, but it is the only exact date. The 1880 census, taken in June 1880, gives her age as 2, which fits. The family tree's year, 1878, comes from the 1900 and 1940 census index entries attached to her (not re-read); a census age a year off is common. Her parents had lived in Pleasant Gap (then Prairie City) Township since 1869, so she was probably born there; the certificate names only the county.

  1. 1877 Birth 17 Aug 1877 · Bates County, Missouri · probable

    Probably in Pleasant Gap Township, where her parents farmed from 1869.

    Her death certificate (1961) gives 17 Aug 1877, Bates County; the informant was her son William, so the date is second-hand, but it is the only exact date. The 1880 census, taken in June 1880, gives her age as 2, which fits. The family tree's year, 1878, comes from the 1900 and 1940 census index entries attached to her (not re-read); a census age a year off is common. Her parents had lived in Pleasant Gap (then Prairie City) Township since 1869, so she was probably born there; the certificate names only the county.

    Sources 1, 6, 7, 12

  2. 1880 Residence Pleasant Gap Township, Bates · proven

    "Susan", 2, daughter, born Missouri, in the household of her father, Leonard Hagnauer (indexed "Lenerd Waguner"), with her mother Susan, her sister Mary C. and her brothers Christian and Leonard.

    The household is Leonhard Hegnauer's family, and the only daughter of about the right age is Katherine Susanna, entered by her second name (her mother's); no daughter Susan appears in any other record of the family.

    Source 7

  3. 1895 Marriage, with Joseph M. Link about Oct 1895 · Bates County, Missouri · proven

    A licence was issued to J. M. Link and Miss Katie S. Hegnauer, of Prairie City, and reported in the Butler Daily Democrat of 23 Oct 1895. The wedding date and place have not been found. Seven children, born about 1896 to about 1914. Joseph had died by January 1920.

    The Butler paper's list of marriage licences (23 Oct 1895) names the couple; a licence was normally used within days, in the county that issued it, so the marriage probably took place late in October 1895 in Bates County. The licence and the minister's or justice's return in the county record have not been seen. The family tree gives the marriage year as 1896, taken from the years of marriage in the 1900 census (index only; not re-read); their first child was born about 1896.

    Sources 11, 12

  4. 1896 Daughter born: Alina Link family event
  5. 1900 Residence Pleasant Gap Township, Bates · proven

    Wife of Joseph M. Link, farmer, with their daughter Alina. The family of her sister Mary Hammer is on the same census page.

    The index entries attached to her and to her husband and daughter in the family tree (E.D. 18, page 1); her husband's name matches the J. M. Link of the 1895 licence. Image not re-read.

    Source 12

  6. 1901 Son born: Roland J. Link family event
  7. 1905 Daughter born: Ruth Link family event
  8. 1907 Son born: Edwin Link family event
  9. 1909 Daughter born: Clara Link family event
  10. 1910 Residence Pleasant Gap Township, Bates · proven

    Wife of Joseph M. Link, farmer; five children at home: Alina, Roland J., Ruth, Edwin and Clara.

    The same couple and their daughter Alina of 1900, with four more children. Index entries attached in the family tree; image not re-read.

    Source 13

  11. 1911 Son born: William Link family event
  12. 1914 Son born: Joseph Hegnauer Link family event
  13. 1916 Residence Nov 1916 · Pleasant Gap Township, Bates · proven

    Mrs. Katie Link, one of the two daughters of Leonhard Hegnauer living in the old home community when he died.

    Both obituaries of her father name her as Mrs. Katie Link; the Appleton City Journal places both daughters in the old home community, and the 1918 county history lists Mrs. Katie S. Link of Pleasant Gap Township among his children.

    Sources 2, 15, 16

  14. 1920 Residence Pleasant Gap Township, Bates · proven

    Head of household, widow, farmer; with her children Alina, Roland, Ruth, Edwin, Clara, William and Joseph.

    The same children as in 1910, with William and Joseph added, in the same township. Index entries attached in the family tree; image not re-read.

    Source 5

  15. 1930 Residence Pleasant Gap Township, Bates · proven

    Head of household, widow; occupation indexed as "manager" (probably of the farm); with Alina, Ruth, Edwin, Clara, William and Joseph.

    Index entries attached to her and six of her children in the family tree (E.D. 24, page 6A); image not re-read.

    Source 17

  16. 1940 Residence Pleasant Gap Township, Bates · proven

    Head of household, widow, farmer; also living in Pleasant Gap in 1935; with Alina, Clara, William and Joseph.

    Index entries attached to her and four of her children in the family tree (E.D. 7-25, page 5A); image not re-read.

    Source 6

  17. 1961 Death 5 Apr 1961 · Appleton City, St. Clair · proven

    At 8:10 a.m. at the Ellett Memorial Hospital, Appleton City; aged 83; widow; usual residence Pleasant Gap Township, Bates County (post office Butler). Cause pulmonary edema due to arteriosclerotic heart disease. Missouri death certificate 61-010303.

    Her Missouri death certificate (image read in the survey of her father's records) names her as Katherine Susanna Link, born 17 Aug 1877 in Bates County, daughter of Lenard Hegnauer and Susanna Hirschi, with her son William as informant. Ancestry indexes her as "Katherine Susanna Fink".

    Source 1

  18. 1961 Burial 9 Apr 1961 · Pleasant Gap Township, Bates · proven

    Reform Cemetery, beside the German Reformed church north of Prairie City, where her parents are buried (the certificate: "Reformed", Prairie City, Mo.). Funeral director Oscar Eckhoff [?], Appleton City.

    The death certificate gives burial on 4-9-61 in the Reformed cemetery at Prairie City, which is the Reform Cemetery of the German Reformed church in Pleasant Gap Township, where her parents were buried in 1916 and 1918.

    Source 1

  • proven
  • probable
  • family event

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Places in this life

3 places, in order
1 2 3
  1. 1 Bates County, Missouri Birth 17 Aug 1877 · Marriage about Oct 1895
  2. 2 Pleasant Gap Township, Bates County Residence 1880 · Residence 1900 · Residence 1910 · 5 more
  3. 3 Appleton City, St. Clair County Death 5 Apr 1961

Hollow markers are placed approximately, at the town, county or region.

Family

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The evidence 11 facts with their grades, 20 sources, and the research notes

Facts

Fact Date Place Grade Sources
Birth 17 Aug 1877 Bates County, Missouri, United States probable 1 , 6 , 7 , 12
Residence 1880 Pleasant Gap Township, Bates, Missouri, United States proven 7
Marriage with Joseph M. Link about Oct 1895 Bates County, Missouri, United States proven 11 , 12
Residence 1900 Pleasant Gap Township, Bates, Missouri, United States proven 12
Residence 1910 Pleasant Gap Township, Bates, Missouri, United States proven 13
Residence Nov 1916 Pleasant Gap Township, Bates, Missouri, United States proven 2 , 15 , 16
Residence 1920 Pleasant Gap Township, Bates, Missouri, United States proven 5
Residence 1930 Pleasant Gap Township, Bates, Missouri, United States proven 17
Residence 1940 Pleasant Gap Township, Bates, Missouri, United States proven 6
Death 5 Apr 1961 Appleton City, St. Clair, Missouri, United States proven 1
Burial 9 Apr 1961 Pleasant Gap Township, Bates, Missouri, United States proven 1

Research notes

  • Sources: The census facts come from the index entries attached to the family in the Ancestry tree; the images have not been re-read, and the index spelling of the surname in 1920–1940 has not been checked. Her death certificate, the 1880 census, both 1916 obituaries, the 1895 licence notice and her brother's 1957 obituary were read on screen during the surveys of her parents' and grandmother's records. Her parents' church membership is known from FamilySearch's machine transcription of the 1883 county history.8
  • Birth: 17 Aug 1877 rests on her death certificate, where her son was the informant; the 1880 census age (2 in June 1880) agrees.1, 7 The family tree's 1878 comes from the 1900 and 1940 census indexes.12, 6 1877 is preferred.
  • Name: She was Katherine Susanna at death, "Susan" in 1880, "Katie S." in 1895, "Katie" in 1916 and 1918, and "Katy" in 1957. Find a Grave (memorial 72077642, linked from her mother's memorial; not yet read) calls her Katharina Susanna "Katie" Link.
  • Marriage: Only the newspaper's licence notice has been seen.11 The Bates County Marriage License Record for October 1895 (Ancestry's "Missouri, U.S., Marriage Records, 1805–2002") should give the wedding date, place and officiant. The family tree's year, 1896, is taken from the 1900 census.
  • Her husband's death: He is last seen in the 1910 census; she was a widow in January 1920.13, 5 An unsourced family story calls him Joseph Martin Link and gives 1916 as his death year (see his profile). Neither his death certificate nor his grave has been found.
  • Brother Emil (probable): A son of her parents born about 1870, known only from a Find a Grave memorial in the Reform Cemetery; the argument is on his profile.10
  • Children: Seven children are known from the censuses of 1900–1940. No obituary of Katherine has been found; the Appleton City and Butler papers of April 1961 should list her surviving children.
  • This profile is part of the Hegnauer one-name study.

Working notes

  • Find a Grave 72077642; bur. 9 Apr 1961 Reform Cemetery; m. J. M. Link c. Oct 1895

Sources

  1. 1

    Missouri Division of Health, Standard Certificate of Death, state file no. 61-010303, Katherine Susanna Link [indexed "Fink"], died 5 April 1961, 8:10 a.m., Ellett Memorial Hospital, Appleton City, St. Clair County; usual residence Pleasant Gap Township, Bates County (Butler, Mo.); female, white, widowed; born 17 August 1877, Bates County, Mo.; age 83; occupation domestic; father Lenard Hegnauer; mother Susanna Hirschi; informant William Link, Butler, Mo.; cause pulmonary edema due to arteriosclerotic heart disease; burial 9 April 1961, Reformed [cemetery], Prairie City, Mo.; funeral director Oscar Eckhoff [?], Appleton City; filed 12 April 1961; in "Missouri, U.S., Death Certificates, 1910–1971," database with images, Ancestry.com, image 1961_00010303-02170.

  2. 2

    [W. O. Atkeson], History of Bates County, Missouri (1918), pp. 719–721, sketch of Christian Hegnauer, listing the children of Leonard Hegnauer: Mrs. Mary C. Hammer, Pleasant Gap Township; Christian; Leonard, Washington state; Mrs. Katie S. Link, Pleasant Gap Township; Margaret M., deceased; Robert L., Minnesota; scan shared by Susanna Vogt, "Bates History - Hegnauer excerpt," Ancestry member tree 37158608, 4 December 2023.

  3. 3

    "Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1418–1996," database, FamilySearch, baptism of Leonhard Hegnauer [her father], 25 April 1843, Igis, Graubünden; born 25 April 1843; parents Luzius Hegnauer and Margreth Bernet. FamilySearch record 6F8C-L4C6

  4. 4

    "New York, U.S., Arriving Passenger and Crew Lists (including Castle Garden and Ellis Island), 1820–1957," database with images, Ancestry.com, manifest of the ship Chase [Chace], Le Havre to New York, list dated 30 September 1856 (the ship arrived 29 September), lines 155–161, "Hegemann" family: Lucie 36, Marguerite 37, Johann 15, Leonhard 13 [her father], Christian[e] 10, Martin 8, Christian 5, Swiss; citing NARA M237, roll 167; image NYM237_167-0280 (ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/7488/images/NYM237_167-0280).

  5. 5

    1920 U.S. Federal Census, Pleasant Gap Township, Bates County, Missouri, E.D. 19, page 9B, household of Katherine Link (head, widowed, farmer), with her children Alina, Roland, Ruth, Edwin, Clara, William and Joseph; roll T625_905; database with images, Ancestry.com (index entries attached in the Ancestry tree; image not re-read).

  6. 6

    1940 U.S. Federal Census, Pleasant Gap Township, Bates County, Missouri, E.D. 7-25, page 5A, household of Katherine Link (head, widowed, farmer; residence in 1935 Pleasant Gap), with her children Alina, Clara, William and Joseph; roll m-t0627-02084; database with images, Ancestry.com (index entries attached in the Ancestry tree; image not re-read).

  7. 7

    1880 U.S. Federal Census, Pleasant Gap Township, Bates County, Missouri, E.D. 160, dwelling 72, household of Leonard Hagn[a]uer [indexed "Lenerd Waguner"] (37, farmer, born Switzerland), with his wife Susan (34) and children Mary C. (13, born Illinois), Christian (11, Illinois), Leonard (8, Missouri) and Susan (2, daughter, Missouri); citing NARA T9; database with images, Ancestry.com.

  8. 8

    FamilySearch Full-Text, county history, Bates County, Missouri, 1883 [probably History of Cass and Bates Counties], account of the German Reformed church near Prairie City, built about 1879: "A. Hammer and wife, Leonard Hegenaur and wife, Peter Kamm and wife, and Christopher Hegenaur, were among the first members" (machine transcription); image familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-L9DF-KWST; the same names, garbled, in a 1958 cemetery survey ("Leonard Hegnauer and w[ife] Christopher Hegnaur"), familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSY6-B9HN-G

  9. 9

    1900 U.S. Federal Census, Pleasant Gap Township, Bates County, Missouri, E.D. 18, sheet 11, dwelling 225, family 230, Susan K. Hegnauer (wife, born May 1846, Switzerland, 54; married 34 years; mother of 7 children, 5 living; cannot speak English) in the household of Leonhard Hegnauer, with sons Leonard and Robert L.; citing NARA T623, roll 839; database with images, Ancestry.com. Also indexed by FamilySearch (Leonhard's entry): FamilySearch record M3HK-FKS

  10. 10

    Find a Grave, memorial 78556009, Emil Hegnauer (1870 – unknown), Reform Cemetery, Pleasant Gap, Bates County, Missouri, linked as a child of Susanna Katharina Hirschi Hegnauer (memorial 56820862) (findagrave.com/memorial/78556009). Also "Find a Grave Index," database, FamilySearch, Emil Hegnauer, birth 1870, burial place standardised as "Prairie, Greene, Alabama". FamilySearch record QV2K-NN17

  11. 11

    List of marriage licences, Butler Daily Democrat (Butler, Missouri), 23 October 1895, p. 4: licence to J. M. Link and Miss Katie S. Hegnauer, of Prairie City; image, Newspapers.com (newspapers.com/image/999251976).

  12. 12

    1900 U.S. Federal Census, Pleasant Gap Township, Bates County, Missouri, E.D. 18, page 1, roll 839, household of Joseph M. Link (head, farmer, born Sep 1871, Missouri), with his wife Katherine (born 1878, Missouri) and daughter Alina; database with images, Ancestry.com (index entries attached to the family in the Ancestry tree; image not re-read).

  13. 13

    1910 U.S. Federal Census, Pleasant Gap Township, Bates County, Missouri, E.D. 18, page 3A, household of Joseph M. Link (head, farmer, married), with his wife Katherine and children Alina, Roland J., Ruth, Edwin and Clara; roll T624_768, FHL microfilm 1374781; database with images, Ancestry.com (index entries attached in the Ancestry tree; image not re-read).

  14. 14

    Studio portrait of Leonard Hegnauer, his wife Susanna Katherine (Hirschi) and their children Mary, Leonard, Christian, Katherine and Robert Lucius, about 1905–1910, its provenance given as a Stadler relative in Switzerland; shared by MaggieOhio, Ancestry member tree 9815048, 16 September 2012. The same portrait, labelled "Katherine (Link) 1877-1961", shared by gloriaroach866, "Leonhard Hegnauer and family," Ancestry member tree 56662186, 13 December 2016.

  15. 15

    "Passing of a Pioneer: Leonard Hegnauer, Well Known German Citizen Succumbs to Paralysis After Brief Illness," Appleton City Journal (Appleton City, Missouri), 9 November 1916, p. 1 (his daughters Mrs. Katie Link and Mrs. Fred Hammer live in the old home community); image, Newspapers.com (newspapers.com/image/863313858).

  16. 16

    "Gone to His Reward," obituary of Leonard Hegenauer, reprinted from the Rockville Booster (Rockville, Missouri), November 1916 ("the daughters are Mrs. Fred Hammer and Mrs. Katie Link"; reprinting paper and date not visible); photograph of the clipping shared by jnel126, "Leonhard Hegnauer Obit," Ancestry member tree 154982007, 10 November 2018.

  17. 17

    1930 U.S. Federal Census, Pleasant Gap Township, Bates County, Missouri, E.D. 24, page 6A, household of Katherine Link (head, widowed; occupation indexed as "manager"), with her children Alina, Ruth, Edwin, Clara, William and Joseph; FHL microfilm 2340911; database with images, Ancestry.com (index entries attached in the Ancestry tree; image not re-read).

  18. 18

    "Christian Hegnauer Dies in Butler," Appleton City Journal (Appleton City, Missouri), 12 September 1957, p. 8 (survivors include his brothers Leonard of Spokane and Robert of Banning, Calif., and his sister Mrs. Katy Link, her town partly illegible); image, Newspapers.com (newspapers.com/image/863906271). Indexed in "U.S., Newspapers.com Obituary Index," Ancestry.com.

  19. 19

    Find a Grave, memorial 55639179, Leonhard Hegnauer (25 Apr 1843 – 31 Oct 1916), Reform Cemetery, Pleasant Gap, Bates County, Missouri (findagrave.com/memorial/55639179).

  20. 20

    Find a Grave, memorial 56820862, Susanna Katharina Hirschi Hegnauer (15 May 1846 – 12 Feb 1918), Reform Cemetery, Pleasant Gap, Bates County, Missouri, gravesite H228, with a gravestone photograph by Larry Spangler (findagrave.com/memorial/56820862); also "U.S., Find a Grave Index, 1600s–Current," Ancestry.com.