H1023
The study's number for this person. Cite it and it will always lead here, whatever the spelling.Madlena Krädtli
Born in 1722 and last recorded at Igis in 1762.
born about 1722 died after 2 Oct 1762
Igis from the air, 1 Sep 1947. Werner Friedli, ETH-Bibliothek Zürich, Bildarchiv / Stiftung Luftbild Schweiz, LBS_H1-010091, CC BY-SA 4.0
Life story
Madlena Krädtli was the wife of Nutt Hegnauer of Igis, a village in the Rhine valley of Graubünden, Switzerland. Between 1746 and 1762 she had seven children baptised there, and through her son Christen she was very probably the great-grandmother of Luzius Hegnauer, who took his family to America in 1856.1–4
She was perhaps born about 1722.5 She may have been the Magdalena, one of twin girls, baptised at Igis on 16 January 1722 to a Jacob and a Margreth, perhaps the Jacob Krädtli and Margret Däscher who had married there in 1719; that link is possible, not proven.6–7 Her surname was an old one around Igis. Krättli, as it is spelt today, is the Swiss German word for a picking basket, and a Joos Kretlin, a tenant of the monastery of Pfäfers, is on record as early as 1652;8 before 1800 the Krättlis were citizens of Untervaz, which with Igis, Zizers and Trimmis made up the Four Villages (Vier Dörfer).9–10
Marriage and children
Nutt and Madlena married about 1745; the record of the wedding has not been found. Their first son, baptised on 2 July 1746, was named Jacob.1 Then came Christen in December 1748, Nutt in August 1752, Elisabeth in October 1754, Johan Heinrich in November 1757, Johanness in March 1760 and Johan Georg in October 1762.2–3, 11–14 Johan Georg, the youngest, was buried on 1 October 1766, just before his fourth birthday.15
Later years
Madlena is last recorded alive at Johan Georg's baptism in October 1762.3 Switzerland suffered famine in 1770 and 1771,16 and in Graubünden the hungry years ran on until 1773, raising the death rate, above all among children.17 When and where Madlena died is not known. A Magdalena Krättlen, aged fifty-two, was buried at Igis on 28 October 1774, and she may have been Madlena, but the link is possible only.5 Nor is it known whether Nutt outlived her.
Her sons carried the family on at Igis. Christen, very probably the Christian Hegnauer who married Ursula Radig there in 1777, named his first son Nutt, after his own father.18–19
What we know
Proven
- Birth, 1722
- Death, 1762
- Marriage to Nutt Hegnauer
- one home, from the census and other records
What's still open
- Death. When and where she died is not yet known.
- Baptism and parents (possible only). A Magdalena, one of twins (her sister Elssbeth was baptised the same day), was baptised at Igis on 16 Jan 1722, the parents indexed as Jacob "Bartli" and Margreth "Dacher".
- Marriage (about 1745; not found). The Igis marriage index has entries for 1742, 1743 (six) and 1744 (four), none for 1745 and only one for 1746 (another couple, 26 Jan 1746); the Zizers marriages of 1743–1748 are indexed, and none has a Hegnauer groom.
- Parents. Not yet identified.
Sources
Sources 1–4
1 Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1746
"Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1418–1996," database, FamilySearch, baptism of Jacob Hegnaner [Hegnauer], 2 July 1746, Igis, Graubünden; parents "Rutt" [Nutt] Hegnaner and Madlena Krätl. FamilySearch record 66VM-XQKV; mother's entry FamilySearch record 66VM-XQKP
2 Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1748
"Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1418–1996," database, FamilySearch, baptism of Christen Hegnaùer [Hegnauer], 12 December 1748, Igis, Graubünden; parents Nut Hegnaùer and Madlena Krätlner. FamilySearch record 66VM-KM4W; mother's entry FamilySearch record 66VM-KM4H
3 Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1762
"Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1418–1996," database, FamilySearch, baptism of Johan Georg Hegnaùer, 2 October 1762, Igis, Graubünden; parents Nut Hegnaùer and "Ma Anna" Kretler. FamilySearch record 66VM-DCJG; mother's entry FamilySearch record 66VM-DCJT
4 New York, Passenger Lists, 1856
"New York, Passenger Lists, 1820–1957," database with images, Ancestry, ship Chase from Havre, arrived New York 30 September 1856 (NARA M237, roll 167), lines 155–161, family of Luzius Hegnauer indexed as "Hegemann". ancestry.com/search/collections/7488/records/1377441; arrival 29 Sep 1856 in the New York Herald and New-York Daily Tribune, 30 September 1856.
Source 5
5 Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1774
"Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1418–1996," database, FamilySearch, burial of Magdalena Krättlen [Krädtli], 28 October 1774, Igis, Graubünden; aged 52; no spouse or parents in the index. FamilySearch record 66V7-PYRY
Sources 6–7
6 Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1722
"Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1418–1996," database, FamilySearch, baptism of Magdalena, 16 January 1722, Igis, Graubünden; parents Jacob "Bartli" [Krädtli?] and Margreth "Dacher" [Däscher?]; a twin, her sister Elssbeth baptised the same day to the same parents. FamilySearch record 66VM-2D66; father's entry FamilySearch record 66VM-2D6X; mother's entry FamilySearch record 66VM-2D6F; Elssbeth FamilySearch record 66VM-2DNJ
7 Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1719
"Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1418–1996," database, FamilySearch, marriage of Jacob Krädtli and Margret Däschner [Däscher], 20 January 1719, Igis, Graubünden. FamilySearch record 66VW-LCXH
Source 8
8 Die Igiser Bürgergeschlechter, 1854
Bürgergemeinde Landquart, "Die Igiser Bürgergeschlechter" (the Igis citizen families as they stood in 1854), entry Krättli: "von Korber abgeleitet. swdt. Krättli=Pflückkorb" (Swiss German Krättli, a picking basket); "Rätisches Namenbuch: Krättli Igis 1675: an Joss Kredliss guot"; "Urk. schon 1652: Joos Kretlin ist als Lehensmann des Klosters Pfäfers aufgeführt" (documented as early as 1652: Joos Kretlin, listed as a tenant of the monastery of Pfäfers). bglandquart.ch/die-igiser-buergergeschlechter.html (viewed 27 September 2026)
Sources 9–10
9 Familiennamenbuch der Schweiz, 1989
Familiennamenbuch der Schweiz (Répertoire des noms de famille suisses), 3rd edition (Zürich: Schulthess, 1989), online edition of the Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz, entry "Krättli": citizenship of Untervaz GR acquired before 1800, and of Igis GR in the 19th century (coming from Untervaz); the book lists the families that held a Swiss communal citizenship in 1962. familiennamenbuch.ch (accessed 27 September 2026).
10 Fünf Dörfer, 2000
Adolf Collenberg, "Fünf Dörfer," Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz (HLS), version of 2000 (print-edition article, updated 10 March 2017), hls-dhs-dss.ch/de/articles/015281/2017-03-10 (accessed 27 September 2026).
Sources 11–14
11 Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1752
"Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1418–1996," database, FamilySearch, baptism of Nùtt Hegnaùer, 30 August 1752, Igis, Graubünden; parents Nutt Hegnaùer and Madlena. FamilySearch record 66VM-NLV4
12 Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1754
"Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1418–1996," database, FamilySearch, baptism of Elisabeth Hegnaùer, 30 October 1754, Igis, Graubünden; parents Nutt Hegnaùer and Madlena "Nutz Knälenen" [Krädtli]. FamilySearch record 66VM-H24B
13 Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1757
"Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1418–1996," database, FamilySearch, baptism of Johan Heinrich Hegnaùer, 30 November 1757, Igis, Graubünden; parents Nut Hegnaùer and Madlena Krädtlenen. FamilySearch record 66VM-HK8J; mother's entry FamilySearch record 66VM-HK8P
14 Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1760
"Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1418–1996," database, FamilySearch, baptism of Johanness Hegnaùer, 23 March 1760, Igis, Graubünden; parents Nut Hegnaùer and Madlena Krädlenen [Krädtli]. FamilySearch record 66VM-2LYZ
Source 15
15 Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1766
"Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1418–1996," database, FamilySearch, burial of Johan Georg Hegnauer, 1 October 1766, Igis, Graubünden; born 1762 [computed]. FamilySearch record 66V7-W2Y1
In the archive: O00662
Source 16
16 Hungersnöte, 2000
Fridolin Kurmann, "Hungersnöte," Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz (HLS), version of 2000 (print-edition article, updated 16 February 2011), hls-dhs-dss.ch/de/articles/016226/2011-02-16 (accessed 27 September 2026).
Source 17
17 Bevölkerung und Siedlung, 2004
Peter Bollier, "Bevölkerung und Siedlung," section on the Free State of the Three Leagues (14th–18th centuries) in Florian Hitz et al., "Graubünden," Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz (HLS), version of 2004 (print-edition article, updated 29 August 2023), hls-dhs-dss.ch/de/articles/007391/2023-08-29 (accessed 27 September 2026).
Sources 18–19
18 Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1777
"Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1418–1996," database, FamilySearch, marriage of Christian Hegnauer and Ursula Redig [Radig], 15 January 1777, Igis, Graubünden. FamilySearch record 66VW-LLKD
In the archive: O01125
19 Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1779
"Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1418–1996," database, FamilySearch, baptism of "Ruttin Hegnaner" [Nuttin Hegnauer], 1779, Igis, Graubünden; parents Christen Hegnaner and Urschla Radig. FamilySearch record 66VM-2G4Q; father's entry FamilySearch record 66VM-2G4W
More sources are in the evidence below.
Life in time
with the history around itabout 1722
Birth
How we know
An estimate. A Magdalena Krättlen buried at Igis in October 1774 was aged 52, so born about 1722, but she is only possibly this Madlena (see Research Notes). She may also be the Magdalena baptised at Igis on 16 Jan 1722 (possible only). Her birthplace is not known.
An estimate. The Igis burial register (FamilySearch index) records Magdalena Krättlen, buried 28 Oct 1774, aged 52, so born about 1722, and a Magdalena was baptised at Igis on 16 Jan 1722; both identifications are possible only (see Research Notes). The baptisms of her children at Igis, 1746–1762, alone suggest a birth between about 1717 and 1728; a woman born about 1722 was 24 to 40 at those baptisms, which fits.
between 2 Jul 1746 and 2 Oct 1762
Residence , Igis, Graubünden, Switzerland
How we know
The baptisms of her seven children in the Igis register.
after 2 Oct 1762
Death
How we know
Her death and burial have not been found. She was last recorded alive at the baptism of her son Johan Georg on 2 Oct 1762. A Magdalena Krättlen buried at Igis on 28 Oct 1774, aged 52, may be she, but that is possible only (see Research Notes).
The last record of her alive is the baptism of her son Johan Georg at Igis on 2 Oct 1762, where she is named as the mother (indexed "Ma Anna" Kretler, taken to be she; see Research Notes). Her death and burial have not been found. The burial of Magdalena Krättlen at Igis on 28 Oct 1774, aged 52, may be hers, but the index gives that woman no married surname, while the Igis burials of 1767–1778 give married women and widows both surnames; she may have been unmarried. That burial is therefore possible only and is not used for the date or place of death.
-
1722 Birth
An estimate. A Magdalena Krättlen buried at Igis in October 1774 was aged 52, so born about 1722, but she is only possibly this Madlena (see Research Notes). She may also be the Magdalena baptised at Igis on 16 Jan 1722 (possible only). Her birthplace is not known.
An estimate. The Igis burial register (FamilySearch index) records Magdalena Krättlen, buried 28 Oct 1774, aged 52, so born about 1722, and a Magdalena was baptised at Igis on 16 Jan 1722; both identifications are possible only (see Research Notes). The baptisms of her children at Igis, 1746–1762, alone suggest a birth between about 1717 and 1728; a woman born about 1722 was 24 to 40 at those baptisms, which fits.
-
1746 Son born: Jakob Hegnauer
-
1749 Son born: Christian Hegnauer
-
1752 Son born: Nùtt Hegnauer
-
1754 Daughter born: Elisabeth Hegnauer
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1757 Son born: Johan Heinrich Hegnauer
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1760 Son born: Johanness Hegnauer
-
1762 Death
Her death and burial have not been found. She was last recorded alive at the baptism of her son Johan Georg on 2 Oct 1762. A Magdalena Krättlen buried at Igis on 28 Oct 1774, aged 52, may be she, but that is possible only (see Research Notes).
The last record of her alive is the baptism of her son Johan Georg at Igis on 2 Oct 1762, where she is named as the mother (indexed "Ma Anna" Kretler, taken to be she; see Research Notes). Her death and burial have not been found. The burial of Magdalena Krättlen at Igis on 28 Oct 1774, aged 52, may be hers, but the index gives that woman no married surname, while the Igis burials of 1767–1778 give married women and widows both surnames; she may have been unmarried. That burial is therefore possible only and is not used for the date or place of death.
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1762 Son born: Johan Georg Hegnauer
- proven
- family event
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Places in this life
one place- 1 Igis, Graubünden Residence between 2 Jul 1746 and 2 Oct 1762
Family
Records
Search the archive →Births and baptisms
Deaths and burials
Other records
Also cited as evidence: 14 records filed under relatives
- 2 Jul 1746 probable Baptism “Jacob Hegnaner”, filed under Jakob Hegnauer FamilySearch
- 12 Dec 1748 probable Baptism “Christen Hegnaùer”, filed under Christian Hegnauer FamilySearch
- 30 Aug 1752 confirmed Baptism “Nùtt Hegnaùer”, filed under Nùtt Hegnauer FamilySearch
- 30 Aug 1752 confirmed Baptism “Nutt Hegnaùer”, filed under Nutt Hegnauer FamilySearch
- 30 Oct 1754 confirmed Baptism “Elisabeth Hegnaùer”, filed under Elisabeth Hegnauer FamilySearch
- 30 Oct 1754 confirmed Baptism “Nutt Hegnaùer”, filed under Nutt Hegnauer FamilySearch
- 30 Nov 1757 confirmed Baptism “Johan Heinrich Hegnaùer”, filed under Johan Heinrich Hegnauer FamilySearch
- 23 Mar 1760 confirmed Baptism “Nut Hegnaùer”, filed under Nutt Hegnauer FamilySearch
- 23 Mar 1760 confirmed Baptism “Johanness Hegnaùer”, filed under Johanness Hegnauer FamilySearch
- 2 Oct 1762 confirmed Baptism “Johan Georg Hegnaùer”, filed under Johan Georg Hegnauer FamilySearch
- 1 Oct 1766 probable Burial “Johan Georg Hegnauer”, filed under Johan Georg Hegnauer FamilySearch
- 15 Jan 1777 confirmed Marriage “Christian Hegnauer”, filed under Christian Hegnauer FamilySearch
- 1779 confirmed Baptism “Ruttin Hegnaner”, filed under Nutt Hegnauer FamilySearch
- date unknown confirmed Church record “Christen Hegnaner”, filed under Christian Hegnauer FamilySearch
The evidence 4 facts with their grades, 20 sources, and the research notes
Facts
Research notes
- Sources: Every church record here is from FamilySearch's index of the Igis Reformed church book (DGS 8014188); the images can be viewed only at a FamilySearch Center or affiliate library and have not been seen. The history of the surname is from the Bürgergemeinde Landquart's notes on the Igis citizen families and the Familiennamenbuch der Schweiz; the historical background is from the Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz.
- Surname: The register wrote her surname a different way almost every time, and the indexers added their own misreadings: Krätl (1746), Krätlner (1748), "Nutz Knälenen" (1754), Krädtlenen (1757), Krädlenen (1760) and Kretler (1762).1, 2, 12, 13, 14, 3 The -in and -enen endings are feminine forms; with them removed, the readings point to Krädtli or Krättli. Krädtli is used here as the form nearest to all the index readings; Krättli is the modern spelling of the name. The index reads her possible burial (1774) as Krättlen and the marriage of her possible father (1719) as Krädtli. The Familiennamenbuch der Schweiz gives the Krättlis citizenship of Untervaz before 1800 and of Igis only from the 19th century, coming from Untervaz.9 The images (FamilySearch Center only, DGS 8014188) should settle the spelling.
- "Ma Anna" (1762): at the last baptism she is indexed "Ma Anna Kretler". The surname is hers, so this is taken to be a misreading of Madlena, not a second wife of Nutt; the image should be checked.
- Burial (possible only; downgraded from probable, 27 Sep 2026): Magdalena Krättlen was buried at Igis on 28 Oct 1774, aged 52; the index names no spouse.5 When the entry was found she was taken to be Nutt's wife: the surname is hers, in the feminine form the register used for her; a woman born in 1722 was 24 to 40 when her children were born, 1746–1762; and no other Magdalena Krättli of that age is indexed. That reading assumed the register recorded married women under their maiden names alone. In fact the Igis burials of 1767–1778 give married women and widows both surnames, the married one first: "Christina Ludwig Krätlenen" (1767), a Krättli who had married Michel Ludwig; "Anna Dolff Ladner" (1775); "Maria Michl Bernett" (1778); and later "Ursula Hegnauer Nadig" (1808). Magdalena Krättlen has one surname only, as the unmarried women of those years have (Maria Lemm and Margreth Düttschler, both aged 18, 1774–1775). She may therefore have been unmarried, and then not Nutt's wife: an unmarried Magdalena Krättli born about 1722 could be the twin baptised in 1722 (below), and Nutt's wife another Madlena Krättli. Both readings stay open (the twin married Nutt and was buried with her married name left out, or the twin stayed single), so the burial is possible only. It is not used for her death, which is entered as after 2 Oct 1762, the last record of her alive; her birth about 1722 remains an estimate. The image (DGS 8014188_002, image 370) should decide it: it may name a husband. An Anna Krättlen was also buried at Igis, on 28 Apr 1770.
- Baptism and parents (possible only): A Magdalena, one of twins (her sister Elssbeth was baptised the same day), was baptised at Igis on 16 Jan 1722, the parents indexed as Jacob "Bartli" and Margreth "Dacher".6 They are read as Jacob Krädtli and Margret Däscher (Täscher), who married at Igis on 20 Jan 1719,7 and who seem to be the parents indexed at the Igis baptisms of Margaretha "Kratlis" (19 Nov 1719; mother "Tapferin") and Anna Maria (23 Sep 1725; father "Krät", mother "Scherin").20 In each entry the mother's surname looks like a misreading of Däscher, which would give Jacob Krädtli children in 1719, 1722 (the twins) and 1725. No Bartli family appears in the Igis index (the only Bartli nearby is a child buried at Zizers in 1741). This is the only Igis baptism of a Magdalena, 1712–1730, that could be a Krädtli (the others are Dacher 1712, Dolf 1715, Castelberg 1716, Tomma 1717, Vill 1724 and Thommen 1727), and its date agrees with the age at the possible burial of 1774. But the father's surname as indexed does not fit, so the baptism, and Jacob Krädtli and Margret Däscher as her parents, are possible only; they are not entered as her parents. The image (DGS 8014188, folder 002) should be read. Unchecked leads: an unidentified "Pfinus Krätt", buried at Igis on 5 Feb 1743 aged 43, could be her father if the given name is misread; and the Anna Maria Krätli who married Ulrich Obrecht on 3 Feb 1746 could be the sister of 1725.
- Marriage (about 1745; not found): The Igis marriage index has entries for 1742, 1743 (six) and 1744 (four), none for 1745 and only one for 1746 (another couple, 26 Jan 1746); the Zizers marriages of 1743–1748 are indexed, and none has a Hegnauer groom. The marriage probably falls in a gap in the index, or in the register itself; the 1745 images (DGS 8014188, folder 002) should be read. A weak lead, probably not her: Andreas Ostermeyer married a "Magdalena Rädislenl" at Igis in Sep 1744. The bride's surname looks like the "Krädlenen" form of 1760, but the groom belongs to the Zizers Ostermeyer family and no Ostermeyer children follow; the image should be checked.
- To search: the images of the 1722 baptism (is "Bartli" Krätli?), the 1744 and 1745 marriages, and the 1774 burial (image 370: does it name a husband?), all on DGS 8014188, folder 002 (FamilySearch Center or affiliate library only).
- This profile is part of the Hegnauer one-name study.
Working notes
- Indexed Krätlner, Krädlenen, Krädtlenen, Kretler; once "Ma Anna"
Sources
- 1
"Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1418–1996," database, FamilySearch, baptism of Jacob Hegnaner [Hegnauer], 2 July 1746, Igis, Graubünden; parents "Rutt" [Nutt] Hegnaner and Madlena Krätl. FamilySearch record 66VM-XQKV; mother's entry FamilySearch record 66VM-XQKP
- 2
"Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1418–1996," database, FamilySearch, baptism of Christen Hegnaùer [Hegnauer], 12 December 1748, Igis, Graubünden; parents Nut Hegnaùer and Madlena Krätlner. FamilySearch record 66VM-KM4W; mother's entry FamilySearch record 66VM-KM4H
- 3
"Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1418–1996," database, FamilySearch, baptism of Johan Georg Hegnaùer, 2 October 1762, Igis, Graubünden; parents Nut Hegnaùer and "Ma Anna" Kretler. FamilySearch record 66VM-DCJG; mother's entry FamilySearch record 66VM-DCJT
- 4
"New York, Passenger Lists, 1820–1957," database with images, Ancestry, ship Chase from Havre, arrived New York 30 September 1856 (NARA M237, roll 167), lines 155–161, family of Luzius Hegnauer indexed as "Hegemann". ancestry.com/search/collections/7488/records/1377441; arrival 29 Sep 1856 in the New York Herald and New-York Daily Tribune, 30 September 1856.
- 5
"Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1418–1996," database, FamilySearch, burial of Magdalena Krättlen [Krädtli], 28 October 1774, Igis, Graubünden; aged 52; no spouse or parents in the index. FamilySearch record 66V7-PYRY
- 6
"Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1418–1996," database, FamilySearch, baptism of Magdalena, 16 January 1722, Igis, Graubünden; parents Jacob "Bartli" [Krädtli?] and Margreth "Dacher" [Däscher?]; a twin, her sister Elssbeth baptised the same day to the same parents. FamilySearch record 66VM-2D66; father's entry FamilySearch record 66VM-2D6X; mother's entry FamilySearch record 66VM-2D6F; Elssbeth FamilySearch record 66VM-2DNJ
- 7
"Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1418–1996," database, FamilySearch, marriage of Jacob Krädtli and Margret Däschner [Däscher], 20 January 1719, Igis, Graubünden. FamilySearch record 66VW-LCXH
- 8
Bürgergemeinde Landquart, "Die Igiser Bürgergeschlechter" (the Igis citizen families as they stood in 1854), entry Krättli: "von Korber abgeleitet. swdt. Krättli=Pflückkorb" (Swiss German Krättli, a picking basket); "Rätisches Namenbuch: Krättli Igis 1675: an Joss Kredliss guot"; "Urk. schon 1652: Joos Kretlin ist als Lehensmann des Klosters Pfäfers aufgeführt" (documented as early as 1652: Joos Kretlin, listed as a tenant of the monastery of Pfäfers). bglandquart.ch/die-igiser-buergergeschlechter.html (viewed 27 September 2026)
- 9
Familiennamenbuch der Schweiz (Répertoire des noms de famille suisses), 3rd edition (Zürich: Schulthess, 1989), online edition of the Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz, entry "Krättli": citizenship of Untervaz GR acquired before 1800, and of Igis GR in the 19th century (coming from Untervaz); the book lists the families that held a Swiss communal citizenship in 1962. familiennamenbuch.ch (accessed 27 September 2026).
- 10
Adolf Collenberg, "Fünf Dörfer," Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz (HLS), version of 2000 (print-edition article, updated 10 March 2017), hls-dhs-dss.ch/de/articles/015281/2017-03-10 (accessed 27 September 2026).
- 11
"Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1418–1996," database, FamilySearch, baptism of Nùtt Hegnaùer, 30 August 1752, Igis, Graubünden; parents Nutt Hegnaùer and Madlena. FamilySearch record 66VM-NLV4
- 12
"Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1418–1996," database, FamilySearch, baptism of Elisabeth Hegnaùer, 30 October 1754, Igis, Graubünden; parents Nutt Hegnaùer and Madlena "Nutz Knälenen" [Krädtli]. FamilySearch record 66VM-H24B
- 13
"Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1418–1996," database, FamilySearch, baptism of Johan Heinrich Hegnaùer, 30 November 1757, Igis, Graubünden; parents Nut Hegnaùer and Madlena Krädtlenen. FamilySearch record 66VM-HK8J; mother's entry FamilySearch record 66VM-HK8P
- 14
"Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1418–1996," database, FamilySearch, baptism of Johanness Hegnaùer, 23 March 1760, Igis, Graubünden; parents Nut Hegnaùer and Madlena Krädlenen [Krädtli]. FamilySearch record 66VM-2LYZ
- 15
"Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1418–1996," database, FamilySearch, burial of Johan Georg Hegnauer, 1 October 1766, Igis, Graubünden; born 1762 [computed]. FamilySearch record 66V7-W2Y1
In the archive: O00662
- 16
Fridolin Kurmann, "Hungersnöte," Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz (HLS), version of 2000 (print-edition article, updated 16 February 2011), hls-dhs-dss.ch/de/articles/016226/2011-02-16 (accessed 27 September 2026).
- 17
Peter Bollier, "Bevölkerung und Siedlung," section on the Free State of the Three Leagues (14th–18th centuries) in Florian Hitz et al., "Graubünden," Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz (HLS), version of 2004 (print-edition article, updated 29 August 2023), hls-dhs-dss.ch/de/articles/007391/2023-08-29 (accessed 27 September 2026).
- 18
"Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1418–1996," database, FamilySearch, marriage of Christian Hegnauer and Ursula Redig [Radig], 15 January 1777, Igis, Graubünden. FamilySearch record 66VW-LLKD
In the archive: O01125
- 19
"Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1418–1996," database, FamilySearch, baptism of "Ruttin Hegnaner" [Nuttin Hegnauer], 1779, Igis, Graubünden; parents Christen Hegnaner and Urschla Radig. FamilySearch record 66VM-2G4Q; father's entry FamilySearch record 66VM-2G4W
- 20
"Switzerland, Catholic and Reformed Church Records, 1418–1996," database, FamilySearch, baptism of Margaretha "Kratlis" [Krädtli], 19 November 1719, Igis, Graubünden; parents Jacob Kratlis and Margretha "Tapferin" (FamilySearch record 66VM-66NY); and baptism of Anna Maria, 23 September 1725, Igis; parents Jacob "Krät" and Margreth "Scherin" (FamilySearch record 66VM-J5FY).